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Why Do My Gums Bleed When I Brush? Gingivitis and Periodontitis Causes and Treatment Options

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By Crystal Dukes, RDH — Dental Hygienist | Oral Wellness Expert | Founder of DukesInitiative.com

Quick answer: Bleeding gums are usually an early sign of gingivitis caused by plaque along the gumline. With the right daily routine and professional care, gingivitis is reversible. When ignored, it may progress to periodontitis, which can damage the bone that supports your teeth.

About the Author

I’m Crystal Dukes, RDH, a dental professional with over two decades in dentistry—from dental lab technician and chairside assistant to registered dental hygienist. Through DukesInitiative.com, I combine clinical experience with practical wellness strategies to help you achieve Healthy Gums for Life.

Why Your Gums Bleed When You Brush

If you see pink in the sink after brushing, your gums are sending a message. The most common reason is plaque-induced inflammation. Bacteria in plaque irritate the gumline, leading to redness, swelling, and bleeding—especially during brushing or flossing.

What Is Gingivitis?

Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. It’s driven by plaque buildup and shows up as bleeding when brushing, red or tender gums, bad breath, and sometimes mild recession. The best news: with consistent home care and a professional cleaning, gingivitis is completely reversible.

What Is Periodontitis?

Unchecked gingivitis can advance to periodontitis, where the gums pull away and form pockets that trap bacteria. This can cause bone loss, tooth mobility, or even tooth loss. Unlike gingivitis, periodontitis causes permanent damage—so early diagnosis and treatment are essential. For an overview, see the American Dental Association’s guide to gum disease.

Professional Treatment Options

- Prophylaxis (standard cleaning): Ideal for mild gingivitis; removes plaque and tartar above the gumline.

- Scaling and Root Planing (deep cleaning): Treats early periodontitis by cleaning below the gumline and smoothing root surfaces.

- Antibacterial rinses / local therapies: Help reduce bacterial load in periodontal pockets.

- Maintenance visits: Every 3–4 months if you have a history of gum disease to keep inflammation controlled.

Home Care: Stop the Bleeding at Home

1. Brush twice daily using gentle circular motions with a soft-bristled or electric brush.

1. Clean between teeth daily using floss, interdental brushes, or a water flosser.

1. Rinse with an alcohol-free antibacterial mouthwash to reduce bacteria and inflammation.

1. Prioritize nutrition & lifestyle: Hydrate, limit sugar/acidic drinks, and avoid tobacco.

Build Your Anti-Gingivitis Routine

Get my complete, step-by-step plan—including daily routines, product picks, and pro tips—in the eBook Healthy Gums for Life.

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Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.

When to See a Professional

If bleeding persists after a week of improved home care—or if you notice swelling, pus, tooth mobility, or persistent bad breath—book an exam and cleaning. Early intervention prevents long-term damage.